Simple Visualizations
KEY:
ds = dataset you are currently using.
Var = variable to be displayed
optional, etc. = where any optional commands belong
XYXY <- variable into which data is being saved
Topics:
*Common Options
*Box Plot
*Frequency Bars (non-numeric data)
*Histogram/Density Plot (numeric data)
*Scatter Plot
*Trend Line
Common Options
Include these inside of the parenthesis of any of the below visualizations
Label on x-axis: xlab = "Name"
Label on y-axis: ylab = "Name"
Boundaries of x-axis: xlim = c(0, 25)
Boundaries of the y-axis: ylim = c(0, 25)
Title: main = "Figure Title"
Box Plot
boxplot(ds$VarY ~ ds$VarX, optional, etc.)
Frequency Bars
barplot(table(ds$Var), optional, etc.)
To add a solid line on the x-axis, include: axis.lty = "solid"
To control space between bars: space = 0.25
Histogram/Density Plot
hist(ds$Var, optional, etc.)
Control the number of bars: breaks = 30
Change to density plot: probability = TRUE
Add pdf line to density plot (separate command): lines(density(ds$Var))
Matrix of histograms
(1) Load psych package: library(psych)
(2) XYXY <- subset(ds, select = c(Var1, Var2, Var3)
(3) multi.hist(data)
Scatter Plot
plot(ds$VarY ~ ds$VarX, optional, etc.)
Change plot markers (see "?pch" in R for a listing: pch = 4)
To change markers to line (e.g., trend line): type = "l"
For a matrix of scatter plots
XYXY <- subset(ds, select = c(Var1, Var2, Var3)
pairs(XYXY)
Trend Line
Note: Make sure your data is properly ordered, or the line function will produce an abstract figure.
Y-Axis defined, X-Axis undefined
plot(ds$VarY, type = "l", optional, etc.)
Y- and X- defined (line will connect in order points are defined...X needs to be ordered)
plot(ds$VarY ~ ds$VarX, type = "l", optional, etc.)
Change plot markers (see "?pch" in R for a listing: pch = 4)